Industrologic VSI-1000

Vertical Speed Indicator/Voltage Output Altimeter

Reference Manual

version 12/14/04



Industrologic, Inc.
3201 Highgate Lane
St. Charles, MO
63301
USA

Phone: (636) 723-4000
WWW: http://www.industrologic.com
Email: info@industrologic.com




Trademark and Copyright Information

VSI-1000 is a Trademark of Industrologic, Inc. 1999

This document is Copyright (c) 1999 by Industrologic, Inc.
All rights reserved.

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or scanning, for any purpose other than the personal use by the purchaser of this product. Industrologic, Inc. reserves the right to revise this document at any time without obligation to notify any person of such revision. Industrologic, Inc. assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document.


Warning/Disclaimer

Whereas effort has been made to make the information in this document as useful and accurate as possible, Industrologic, Inc. assumes no responsibility for the application, usefulness, or completeness, of the information contained herein. Under no circumstance will Industrologic, Inc. be responsible or liable for any damages or losses including indirect or consequential damages or losses arising from either the use of any information contained within this manual or the use of any products or services referenced within this manual.

Industrologic, Inc. reserves the right to change any product's features, specifications, documentation, warranties, fee schedules, and conditions at any time and without notice.

Industrologic products are provided as printed circuit board level assemblies. Some Industrologic products may include mechanical packaging assessories which are provide for the purchaser's convenience, and are not intended to be final assembly enclosures.

Industrologic products are provided with the understanding that the purchaser will determine fitness for any particular application as well as achieve compliance with any particular specifications or regulations as required or desired for that application.


Warranty

Industrologic, Inc. products are warranted to be free from defects in workmanship or material under normal use and service for a period of one year from date of purchase. Industrologic's warranty is to the original purchaser only, but is extended to you by the Distributor or OEM from whom you purchased the product.

Industrologic's obligation under this Warranty is limited to replacement with a new or repaired unit to the original purchaser. The unit must be returned, and replacements obtained from Industrologic, Inc. or the Distributor or OEM from whom it was purchased.

This warranty will not apply if, in the judgment of Industrologic, Inc., damage or failure of the product has resulted from accident, alteration, misuse, abuse, connection to or operation with incompatible signals or power sources, or improper installation.

Under no circumstances shall Industrologic, Inc. be liable to purchaser or any third party for any loss of profits or other direct or indirect costs, expenses, losses, or consequential damages arising out of or as a result of any defects in or failure of Industrologic products or any part or parts thereof.

THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AS TO DESCRIPTION, QUALITY, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, OR ANY OTHER MATTER.


Return and Repair Policy

Products purchased in single piece quantities may be returned, if in resellable condition, for a full refund of the purchase price only, to the original purchaser, within 30 days of purchase.

Products must be returned by original purchaser with a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) number issued by Industrologic, Inc. or the Distributor or OEM from whom it was purchased, authorizing its return. Current repair or replacement fees and procedures will be related during the issue of the RMA number.

Warranty or repair units must be returned with postage and insurance paid by purchaser. Industrologic, Inc. is not responsible for damages or loss during shipment.





Industrologic VSI-1000

Vertical Speed Indicator/Voltage Output Altimeter

The VSI-1000 Vertical Speed Indicator is a ruggedized, solid-state pressure sensor based voltage output altimeter/vertical speed indicator designed for parachute air drop testing, and having other applications where altitude and vertical speed need to be represented by a voltage.



picture of VSI-1000



Summary of Features


Mechanical specifications

Enclosure: Hammond Manufacturing 1590B die-cast aluminum
Size: 4.5" long (plus 2 inches for cable strain relief) by 2.5" wide by 1.25" tall


mechanical drawing of VSI-1000



Electrical specifications

Operating Environment:
Temperature: 0-50 degrees Celsius (32-122 Fahrenheit)
Humidity: 30 to 80 percent, non-condensing

Power Supply Requirements:
Operating voltage: 8 to 18 volts DC regulated or unregulated
Operating current: 13mA at 9 volts

Voltage Output:
Maximum voltage range: 0 to +5 volts
Normal operating range: +0.5 to +4.5 volts
Maximum load impedance: 600 Ohms

Due to possible variations in wire color in the cable attached to the VSI-1000, it is recommended that the user remove the enclosure cover to identify the electrical connections on the printed circuit board adjacent to the screw terminals. From left to right the connections are Signal, Ground, and power supply Voltage.


Accuracy and Variations in the Voltage Output

A number of factors determine the accuracy of altitude measurement using piezoresistive pressure transducers: field elevation, atmospheric pressure, temperature, and non-linearities in pressure transducrs. However, once identified and understood, these inaccuracies can be tolerated and compensated for. Furthermore, for vertical speed calculations, these inaccuracies are minimized by the fact that the full range of altitude is seldom used in making this calculation.

Although the voltage output from the pressure transducer used by the VSI-1000 could be used directly to indicate pressure, the voltage span would be limited unless measurements were made over a large change in altitude. Therefore, the circuitry in the VSI-1000 was designed to increase this span and provide an offset adjustment to bring this span within the range of the current field elevation, and up to 1000 feet higher.

Due to non-linearities in the atmosphere versus pressure as well as non-linearities inherent in pressure transducers, the voltage output from the VSI-1000 versus altitude will not be a straight-line fit, but will be at some given point along a curve determined by the field elevation, atmospheric pressure, and temperature. The circuitry in the VSI-1000 was not designed to correct for these non-linearities, therefore, tables of altitude versus voltage are provided.

The VSI-1000 is not designed to be a "digital altimeter" when connected to an analog to digital converter and display system! A digital representation of the voltage, possibly having numerous decimal places, may imply a greater accuracy than actually exists.

The most accurate method of determining relative altitude is to work backward from the point where data logging has stopped and the VSI-1000 has returned to ground level. At this point the output voltage will represent the voltage associated with the current ground level, atmospheric pressure, and temperature. It is also likely that this point will be the closest reference to the time during which altitude and vertical speed were of most importance.

Although the pressure sensor used in the VSI-1000 is internally temperature compensated, temperature changes in the atmosphere always result in pressure changes. Therefore, a large temperature change during operation of the VSI-1000 will result in some change of the output.

Since the pressure sensor used in the VSI-1000 obtains its pressure changes from a thin silicon diaphragm, the pressure sensor responds to sound, vibration, and acceleration as well as pressure. This response will cause noticable variations in the voltage output during certain events of this nature, and should be taken into consideration when interpreting the voltage output.


Altitude Versus Voltage Tables


Output    AGL Altitude in feet when Field Elevation in feet is:
Voltage   0000  1000  2000  3000  4000  5000  6000

feet/volt  250   259   269   279   291   303   316

0.50         0     0     0     0     0     0     0
0.60        25    26    27    28    29    30    32
0.70        50    52    54    56    58    61    63
0.80        75    78    81    84    87    91    95
0.90       100   104   108   112   116   121   127
1.00       125   130   134   140   145   152   158
1.10       150   155   161   168   174   182   190
1.20       175   181   188   196   203   212   222
1.30       200   207   215   223   233   242   253
1.40       225   233   242   251   262   273   285
1.50       250   259   269   279   291   303   316
1.60       275   285   296   307   320   333   348
1.70       300   311   323   335   349   364   380
1.80       325   337   349   363   378   394   411
1.90       350   363   376   391   407   424   443
2.00       375   389   403   419   436   455   475
2.10       400   415   430   447   465   485   506
2.20       425   440   457   475   494   515   538
2.30       450   466   484   503   523   545   570
2.40       475   492   511   531   552   576   601
2.50       500   518   538   559   581   606   633
2.60       525   544   565   587   610   636   665
2.70       550   570   591   615   640   667   696
2.80       575   596   618   642   669   697   728
2.90       600   622   645   670   698   727   759
3.00       625   648   672   698   727   758   791
3.10       650   674   699   726   756   788   823
3.20       675   699   726   754   785   818   854
3.30       700   725   753   782   814   848   886
3.40       725   751   780   810   843   879   918
3.50       750   777   806   838   872   909   949
3.60       775   803   833   866   901   939   981
3.70       800   829   860   894   930   970  1013
3.80       825   855   887   922   959  1000  1044
3.90       850   881   914   950   988  1030  1076
4.00       875   907   941   978  1017  1061  1108
4.10       900   933   968  1006  1047  1091  1139
4.20       925   959   995  1034  1076  1121  1171
4.30       950   984  1022  1061  1105  1152  1203
4.40       975  1010  1048  1089  1134  1182  1234
4.50      1000  1036  1075  1117  1163  1212  1266

Note: This table is based on a range adjustment to 0.5 volts
and standard atmospheric conditions.





Feet MSL  Output Voltage when Field Elevation in feet is:
Altitude  0000    1000    2000    3000    4000    5000    6000

volts/ft  .00400  .00386  .00372  .00358  .00344  .00330  .00316

0         0.50    0.50    0.50    0.50    0.50    0.50    0.50
25        0.60    0.60    0.59    0.59    0.59    0.58    0.58
50        0.70    0.69    0.69    0.68    0.67    0.66    0.66
75        0.80    0.79    0.78    0.77    0.76    0.75    0.74
100       0.90    0.89    0.87    0.86    0.84    0.83    0.82
125       1.00    0.98    0.97    0.95    0.93    0.91    0.90
150       1.10    1.08    1.06    1.04    1.02    1.00    0.97
175       1.20    1.18    1.15    1.13    1.10    1.08    1.05
200       1.30    1.27    1.24    1.22    1.19    1.16    1.13
225       1.40    1.37    1.34    1.31    1.27    1.24    1.21
250       1.50    1.47    1.43    1.40    1.36    1.33    1.29
275       1.60    1.56    1.52    1.48    1.45    1.41    1.37
300       1.70    1.66    1.62    1.57    1.53    1.49    1.45
325       1.80    1.75    1.71    1.66    1.62    1.57    1.53
350       1.90    1.85    1.80    1.75    1.70    1.66    1.61
375       2.00    1.95    1.89    1.84    1.79    1.74    1.69
400       2.10    2.04    1.99    1.93    1.88    1.82    1.76
425       2.20    2.14    2.08    2.02    1.96    1.90    1.84
450       2.30    2.24    2.17    2.11    2.05    1.99    1.92
475       2.40    2.33    2.27    2.20    2.13    2.07    2.00
500       2.50    2.43    2.36    2.29    2.22    2.15    2.08
525       2.60    2.53    2.45    2.38    2.31    2.23    2.16
550       2.70    2.62    2.55    2.47    2.39    2.32    2.24
575       2.80    2.72    2.64    2.56    2.48    2.40    2.32
600       2.90    2.82    2.73    2.65    2.56    2.48    2.40
625       3.00    2.91    2.82    2.74    2.65    2.56    2.48
650       3.10    3.01    2.92    2.83    2.74    2.65    2.55
675       3.20    3.11    3.01    2.92    2.82    2.73    2.63
700       3.30    3.20    3.10    3.01    2.91    2.81    2.71
725       3.40    3.30    3.20    3.10    2.99    2.89    2.79
750       3.50    3.40    3.29    3.19    3.08    2.98    2.87
775       3.60    3.49    3.38    3.27    3.17    3.06    2.95
800       3.70    3.59    3.48    3.36    3.25    3.14    3.03
825       3.80    3.68    3.57    3.45    3.34    3.22    3.11
850       3.90    3.78    3.66    3.54    3.42    3.31    3.19
875       4.00    3.88    3.75    3.63    3.51    3.39    3.27
900       4.10    3.97    3.85    3.72    3.60    3.47    3.34
925       4.20    4.07    3.94    3.81    3.68    3.55    3.42
950       4.30    4.17    4.03    3.90    3.77    3.64    3.50
975       4.40    4.26    4.13    3.99    3.85    3.72    3.58
1000      4.50    4.36    4.22    4.08    3.94    3.80    3.66

Note: This table is based on a range adjustment to 0.5 volts
and standard atmosperic conditions.


Adjusting the Operating Range

Although the VSI-1000 has an operating range sufficient to handle variations in temperature, atmospheric pressure, and field elevation, it is recommended that the unit be "calibrated", (its range adjusted) before each use, or whenever a change in one of these conditions occur.


Adjusting the range of the VSI-1000 is done in the following manner:

1. Connect the voltage output signal to a digital voltmeter or other accurate voltage measuring device. This device could also be the data logging device used to read the unit during data logging.

2. Apply power to the unit and allow at least one minute for the pressure sensor to stabilize due to internal heat changes.

3. Using a very small flat-bladed screwdriver to turn the adjustment "screw", adjust the voltage output to 0.500 volts or as close as possible to that value. (This adjustment screw is a trimmer potentiometer that can be rotated up to 25 turns clockwise or counterclockwise. When the limits of rotation are reached the device simply allows the screw to continue turning, so there is no need for concern about damage from over-rotation.) An alternate method of adjustment may be used that uses the LED (light) that is visible through the screw adjustment hole, and does not require a method of measuring the voltage output signal:

Instead of turning the adjustment screw in response to the voltage output, turn the adjustment screw counterclockwise until the LED turns on, and then turn it clockwise just past the point where the LED goes off. The voltage output will then be very close to 0.5 volts.


After performing the range adjustment on the VSI-1000, the adjustment hole can be covered if desired to prevent dust and dirt from entering the unit. As long as there is at least a small area somewhere on the enclosure that is open to the atmosphere, the VSI-1000 will work properly. Do not use tape to seal all of the seams of the enclosure from dust and dirt.

Since pressure transducers are affected by vibration and sound, the VSI-1000 can be enclosed in foam padding to minimize these effects if they are found to be a problem. In addition to indicating altitude/vertical speed, the VSI-1000 can also be used to specifically detect these events if they are sufficiently large, although the variations in the voltage output will simply be observable as "events" and will not reflect any particular signal strength.



end of manual
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